1. Chen KT, Jabri H, Lokanath YK, Song MS, Kim JS. The evolution of interlaminar endoscopic spine surgery. J Spine Surg. 2020;6(2):502.
2. Kim M, Kim HS, Oh SW, Adsul NM, Singh R, Kashlan ON, et al. Evolution of spinal endoscopic surgery. Neurospine. 2019;16(1):6-14.
3. Ruetten S, Komp M, Godolias G. A new full-endoscopic technique for the interlaminar operation of lumbar disc herniations using 6-mm endoscopes: prospective 2-year results of 331 patients. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2006;49(2):80-7.
4. Choi G, Lee SH, Raiturker PP, Lee S, Chae YS. Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for intracanalicular disc herniations at L5-S1 using a rigid working channel endoscope. Neurosurgery. 2006;58(Suppl 1):ONS59-68.
5. Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Surgical treatment for lumbar lateral recess stenosis with the full-endoscopic interlaminar approach versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009;10(5):476-85.
6. Komp M, Hahn P, Merk H, Godolias G, Ruetten S. Bilateral operation of lumbar degenerative central spinal stenosis in full-endoscopic interlaminar technique with unilateral approach: prospective 2-year results of 74 patients. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2011;24(5):281-7.
7. Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Recurrent lumbar disc herniation after conventional discectomy: a prospective, randomized study comparing full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal versus microsurgical revision. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2009;22(2):122-9.
8. Casimiro M. Short-term outcome comparison between full-endoscopic interlaminar approach and open minimally invasive microsurgical technique for treatment of lumbar disc herniation. World Neurosurg. 2017;108:894-900.e1.
9. Chiang PL, Chen YY, Chen KT, Hsu JC, Wu C, Lee CY, et al. Comparison between lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy for bilateral decompression and other decompression approaches for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2022;168:369-80.
10. Son S, Ahn Y, Lee SG, Kim WK. Learning curve of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy versus open lumbar microdiscectomy at the L5-S1 level. PLoS One. 2020;15(7):e0236296.
11. Yin J, Jiang Y, Nong L, Casey K. Transforaminal approach versus interlaminar approach: a meta-analysis of operative complication of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(25):e20709.
12. Zhu MT, Hu BS, Chen CM, Liu HQ, Lin GX. Comparison of full endoscopic lumbar diskectomy using the transforaminal approach versus interlaminar approach for L5-S1 lumbar disk herniation treatment: a meta-analysis. J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2024;85(5):501-12.
13. Kotheeranurak V, Liawrungrueang W, Quillo-Olvera J, Siepe CJ, Li ZZ, Lokhande PV, et al. Full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy approach selection: a systematic review and proposed algorithm. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2023;48(8):534-44.
14. Wagner R, Haefner M. Indications and contraindications of full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar decompression. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:657-62.
15. Ruetten S, Komp M. Endoscopic lumbar decompression. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2020;31(1):25-32.
16. Kim DH, Ju CI. Complication and contraindication of full endoscopic lumbar decompression. J Minim Invasive Spine Surg Tech. 2021;6(2):75-82.
17. Hirayama J, Hashimoto M. Percutaneous endoscopic diskectomy using an interlaminar approach based on 3D CT/MR fusion imaging. Cent Eur Neurosurg. 2019;80(2):88-95.
18. Fukuhara D, Ono K, Kenji T, Majima T. A narrative review of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy using interlaminar approach. World Neurosurg. 2022;168:324-32.
19. Sakçı Z, Önen MR, Fidan E, Yaşar Y, Uluğ H, Naderi S. Radiologic anatomy of the lumbar interlaminar window and surgical considerations for lumbar interlaminar endoscopic and microsurgical disc surgery. World Neurosurg. 2018;115:e22-6.
20. Chen KT, Tseng C, Sun LW, Chang KS, Chen CM. Technical considerations of interlaminar approach for lumbar disc herniation. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:612-20.
21. Won YI, Yuh WT, Kwon SW, Kim CH, Yang SH, Kim KT, et al. Interlaminar endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a narrative review. Int J Spine Surg. 2024;[dados apresentados no arquivo: 60504(S3):47-53].
22. Ruetten S, Komp M, Hahn P, Oezdemir S. Decompression of lumbar lateral spinal stenosis: full-endoscopic, interlaminar technique. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2013;25(1):31-46.
23. Komp M, Hahn P, Oezdemir S, Giannakopoulos A, Heikenfeld R, Kasch R, et al. Bilateral spinal decompression of lumbar central stenosis with the full-endoscopic interlaminar versus microsurgical laminotomy technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Pain Physician. 2015;18(1):61-70.
24. Catálogo de materiais da Richard Wolf (Full-endoscopic Spine Instrument Set).
25. Catálogo de materiais da Elliquence. Copyright 2016 © Elliquence, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
26. Ruetten S. Full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy and spinal decompression. In: Kim DH, Kim KH, Kim YC. Minimally invasive percutaneous spinal techniques. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Saunders; 2010.
27. Moscatelli M, Vargas A, Lima M, Kaleff P, Lima MSX, Kaleff PR. Descrição da técnica cirúrgica minimamente invasiva vídeo totalmente endoscópica interlaminar para tratamento de hérnia de disco lombar. Arq Bras Neurocir. 2014;33(3):202-6.
28. Wasinpongwanich K, Pongpirul K, Lwin KKM, Kesornsak W, Kuansongtham V, Ruetten S. Full-endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy: retrospective review of clinical results and complications in 545 international patients. World Neurosurg. 2019;132:e922-e928.
29. Li ZZ, Hou SX, Shang WL, Song KR, Zhao HL. The strategy and early clinical outcome of full-endoscopic L5/S1 discectomy through interlaminar approach. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2015;133:40-5.
30. Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Full-endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy versus conventional microsurgical technique: a prospective, randomized, controlled study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008;33(9):931-9.
31. Yörükoğlu AG, Göker B, Tahta A, Akçakaya MO, Aydoseli A, Sabancı PA, et al. Fully endoscopic interlaminar and transforaminal lumbar discectomy: analysis of 47 complications encountered in a series of 835 patients. Neurocirugia (Astur). 2017;28(5):235-41.
32. Ju CI, Lee SM. Complications and management of endoscopic spinal surgery. Neurospine. 2023;20(1):56-77.
33. Feng F, Xu Q, Yan F, Xie Y, Deng Z, Hu C, et al. Comparison of 7 surgical interventions for lumbar disc herniation: a network meta-analysis. Pain Physician. 2017;20(6):E863-E871.
34. Luo M, Wang Z, Zhou B, Yang G, Shi Y, Chen J, et al. Risk factors for lumbar disc herniation recurrence after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a meta-analysis of 58 cohort studies. Neurosurg Rev. 2023;46(1):159.
35. Shin JK, Youn MS, Seong YJ, Goh TS, Lee JS. Iatrogenic dural tear in endoscopic lumbar spinal surgery: full endoscopic dural suture repair (Youn’s technique). Eur Spine J. 2018;27(Suppl 3):544-8.
36. Kim HS, Raorane HD, Wu PH, Heo DH, Sharma SB, Jang IT. Incidental durotomy during endoscopic stenosis lumbar decompression: incidence, classification, and proposed management strategies. World Neurosurg. 2020;139:e13-22.
37. Kim JE, Choi DJ, Kim MC, Park EJ. Risk factors of postoperative spinal epidural hematoma after biportal endoscopic spinal surgery. World Neurosurg. 2019;129:e324-9.
38. Kim JE, Choi DJ, Park EJ. Evaluation of postoperative spinal epidural hematoma after biportal endoscopic spine surgery for single-level lumbar spinal stenosis: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging study. World Neurosurg. 2019;126:e786-92.
39. Kang MS, Park HJ, Hwang JH, Kim JE, Choi DJ, Chung HJ. Safety evaluation of biportal endoscopic lumbar discectomy: assessment of cervical epidural pressure during surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020;45:E1349-56.
40. Pranata R, Lim MA, Vania R, July J. Biportal endoscopic spinal surgery versus microscopic decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Neurosurg. 2020;138:e450-8.
41. Kang MS, Hwang JH, Choi DJ, Chung HJ, Lee JH, Kim HN, et al. Clinical outcome of biportal endoscopic revisional lumbar discectomy for recurrent lumbar disc herniation. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020;15(1):557.
42. Kim JE, Yoo HS, Choi DJ, Park EJ, Hwang JH, Suh JD, et al. Effectiveness of gelatin-thrombin matrix sealants (Floseal®) on postoperative spinal epidural hematoma during single-level lumbar decompression using biportal endoscopic spine surgery. Biomed Res Int. 2020;2020:4801641.
43. Choi KC, Lee JH, Kim JS, Sabal LA, Lee S, Kim H, Lee SH. Unsuccessful percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a single-center experience of 10,228 cases. Neurosurgery. 2015;76:372-81.
44. Lee SH, Kang BU, Ahn Y, Choi G, Choi YG, Ahn KU, et al. Operative failure of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a radiologic analysis of 55 cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31:E285-90.
45. Liang J, Lian L, Liang S, Zhao H, Shu G, Chao J, et al. Efficacy and complications of unilateral biportal endoscopic spinal surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis: a meta-analysis and systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2022;159:e91-110.
46. Swartz KR, Trost GR. Recurrent lumbar disc herniation. Neurosurg Focus. 2003;15:E10.
47. Hoogland T, Schubert M, Miklitz B, Ramirez A. Transforaminal posterolateral endoscopic discectomy with or without the combination of a low-dose chymopapain: a prospective randomized study in 280 consecutive cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31:E890-7.
48. Wang H, Zhou Y, Li C, Liu J, Xiang L. Risk factors for failure of single-level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine. 2015;23(3):320-5.
49. Yao Y, Liu H, Zhang H, Wang H, Zhang C, Zhang Z, et al. Risk factors for recurrent herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. World Neurosurg. 2017;100:1-6.
50. Ju CI, Kim P, Ha SW, Kim SW, Lee SM. Contraindications and complications of full endoscopic lumbar decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: a systematic review. World Neurosurg. 2022;168:398-410.
51. Carragee EJ, Spinnickie AO, Alamin TF, Paragioudakis S. A prospective controlled study of limited versus subtotal posterior discectomy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(6):653-7.
52. Cassir N, De La Rosa S, Melot A, Touta A, Troude L, Loundou A, et al. Risk factors for surgical site infections after neurosurgery: a focus on the postoperative period. Am J Infect Control. 2015;43(12):1288-91.
53. Kumagai G, Wada K, Asari T, Nitobe Y, Ishibashi Y. Association of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci on preoperative skin and surgical site infection in patients undergoing spinal surgery: a retrospective cohort study. Spine Surg Relat Res. 2022;6(6):596-603.
54. Huang C, Qin Y, Huang Y, Wei X, Zhuo J, Wu S, et al. Surgical outcomes of full-endoscopic degenerative lumbar lateral recess stenosis decompression through an interlaminar approach. Orthop Surg. 2025;17(4):1181-9.
55. Ravikumar S, Bloschichak A, Kumar S. The utilization of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy in recurrent lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Spine Surg. 2025;11(1):45-64.
56. Liu Y, Wang S, Yang C, Zhong B, Zhang S, Li J, et al. Retrospective study of the interlaminar approach for percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with the guidance of pre-operative magnetic resonance neurography. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7(7):145.
57. Meyer G, Da Rocha ID, Cristante AF, Marcon RM, Coutinho TP, Torelli AG, et al. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy versus microdiscectomy for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: pain, disability, and complication rate—a randomized clinical trial. Int J Spine Surg. 2020;14(1):72-8.
58. Hussein M. Minimal incision, multifidus-sparing microendoscopic diskectomy versus conventional microdiskectomy for highly migrated intracanal lumbar disk herniations. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2016;24(11):805-13.
59. Muthu S, Ramakrishnan E, Chellamuthu G. Is endoscopic discectomy the next gold standard in the management of lumbar disc disease? Global Spine J. 2021;11(7):1104-20.
60. Ghaednia H, Fourman MS, Lans A, Detels K, Dijkstra H, Lloyd S, et al. Augmented and virtual reality in spine surgery, current applications and future potentials. Spine J. 2021;21(10):1617-25.
61. Kwon H, Park JY. The role and future of endoscopic spine surgery: a narrative review. Neurospine. 2023;20(1):43-55.
62. Zheng C, Li J, Zeng G, Ye W, Sun J, Hong J, et al. Development of a virtual reality preoperative planning system for posterolateral endoscopic lumbar discectomy surgery and its clinical application. World Neurosurg. 2019;123:e1-8.
63. Hahn BS, Park JY. Incorporating new technologies to overcome the limitations of endoscopic spine surgery: navigation, robotics, and visualization. World Neurosurg. 2021;145:712-21.
64. Wang Z, Tan Y, Fu K, Meng Z, Wang L. Minimally invasive trans-superior articular process percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with robot assistance. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022;23(1):1144.